The rays refracting in the horizontal and the vertical planes bend differently when exiting the dish, causing the ball bearing to become distorted when viewed through the top surface of the water.
It apparently is a non-trivial problem to show that the image produced by a horizontal fan of rays is not at the same location as that produced by the more easily handled vertical fan of rays.
Demonstrates refraction. Shows displacement of rays in a uniform slab of glass Read More
Illustrates refraction
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Demonstrates refraction
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Illustrate refraction Read More
Illustrate refraction Read More
Demonstrates how a light ray bends when it enters a different medium at an oblique angle Read More
Illustrate a paradox involving Snell's law Read More
Demonstrates refraction
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Demonstrates a medium with a continually varying index of refraction
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Demonstrates how index of refraction affects what we see in a fluid bath
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Demonstrate refraction of microwaves by a paraffin prism Read More
Determine the index of refraction of paraffin for microwaves Read More