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  • A General Materials and Mathematics
    • A1 Basic Materials and Measurement
    • A2 Mathematics
  • B Statics
    • B1 Center of Mass Statics
    • B2 Equilibrium of Forces and Torques
    • B3 Simple Machines
    • B4 Elasticity
  • C Kinematics and Dynamics
    • C1 Center of Mass Motion
    • C2 Kinematics in One and Two Dimensions
    • C3 First Law of Motion
    • C4 Second Law of Motion
    • C5 Third Law of Motion
    • C6 Friction
    • C7 Collisions
    • C8 Mechanical Energy and Power
  • D Rotational Mechanics
    • D1 Rotational Kinematics and Dynamics
    • D2 Moment of Inertia
    • D3 Angular Momentum
    • D4 Gyroscopes
    • D5 Rotational Esoterica
  • E Gravitation and Astronomy
    • E1 Gravitation and Orbits
    • E2 Astronomy
  • F Fluid Mechanics
    • F1 Pressure in Static Fluids
    • F2 Buoyancy
    • F3 Surface Tension
    • F4 Fluid in Motion
    • F5 Forces in Moving Fluids
  • G Vibrations and Mechanical Waves
    • G1 Simple Harmonic Motion
    • G2 Resonance and Coupled Oscillations
    • G3 Mechanical Waves - One Dimensional
    • G4 Mechanical Waves - Two Dimensional
  • H Sound
    • H1 Nature of Sound
    • H2 Wave Properties of Sound
    • H3 Standing Sound Waves
    • H4 Music
    • H5 The Ear
    • H6 The Voice
  • I Thermodynamics
    • I1 Thermal Properties of Matter
    • I2 Transfer of Heat
    • I3 Gases
    • I4 Changes of State
    • I5 Laws of Thermodynamics
    • I6 Kinetic Theory and Statistical Mechanics
    • I7 Solid State and Low Temperature Physics
  • J Electostatics and Magnetostatics
    • J1 Electrostatic Charge and Force
    • J2 Electrostatic Devices and Applications
    • J3 Electric FIelds and Potential
    • J4 Capacitance and Polarization
    • J5 Magnetostatics
    • J6 Electromagnets
    • J7 Magnetic Materials
  • K Electromagnetic Principles
    • K1 Forces on Moving Charges
    • K2 Electromagnetic Induction
    • K3 Transformers
    • K4 Motors and Generators
    • K5 Electrical Properties of Matter
    • K6 Electric Circuits and Instruments
    • K7 RLC Circuits
    • K8 Electromagnetic Waves and Sources
  • L Geometrical Optics
    • L1 Light Sources and Light Rays
    • L2 Plane Mirrors
    • L3 Curved Mirrors
    • L4 Refraction
    • L5 Total Internal Reflection
    • L6 Lenses
    • L7 Optical Instruments
  • M Wave Optics
    • M1 Interference and Diffraction - Slits and Gratings
    • M2 Diffraction - Circular
    • M3 Interferometers
    • M4 Thin Film Interference
    • M5 Interference and Diffraction Esoterica
    • M6 Holograms
    • M7 Linear Polarization and Scattering
    • M8 Optical Activity and Birefringence
    • M9 Circular Polarization
  • N Spectra and Color
    • N1 Continuous Spectra
    • N2 Line Spectra
    • N3 Color
  • O Vision
    • O1 Image Production
    • O2 Visual Latency
    • O3 Color Vision
    • O4 Optical Illusions
  • P Modern Physics
    • P1 Relativity
    • P2 Quantum Mechanics
    • P3 Atoms and Molecules
    • P4 Nuclei and Particles
  • Q Biophysics
    • Q1 Musculoskeletal Systems
    • Q2 Organs
    • Q3 Genetics and Molecular Biology

L6 Lenses

These demonstrations provide examples of various sorts of lenses and their applications, focusing and its complications, and distortion.

Articles
Image Title
L6-01: OPTICAL BOARD - CONVERGING SPHERICAL LENS
Show focusing of a spherical (cylindrical) convex lens.
L6-02: OPTICAL BOARD - CIRCULAR SLAB
Show focusing of a circular lens.
L6-03: OPTICAL BOARD - HYPERBOLIC LENS
Show focusing of a hyperbolic lens.
L6-04: OPTICAL BOARD - RAY DIAGRAM - REAL IMAGE POS LENS
Use principal rays to locate a real image produced by a convex lens.
L6-05: OPTICAL BOARD - RAY DIAGRAM - VIRTUAL IMAGE POS LENS
Use principal rays to locate a virtual image produced by a convex lens.
L6-06: MULTIPLE PINHOLES AND LENS RECOMBINATION
Demonstrate that a lens focuses light.
L6-07: MICROWAVES - LENS
Demonstrate that a paraffin lens can focus microwaves.
L6-08: REAL IMAGE OF CONVERGING LENS - LIGHT BULB
Show the real image of a converging lens.
L6-09: REAL IMAGE OF CONVERGING LENS
Show the systematics of real image formation by a converging lens.
L6-10: IMAGE LOCATION WITH TV CAMERA - LENS
Locate both real and virtual images of a convex lens
L6-11: OPTICAL BOARD - DEPTH OF FIELD
Illustrate the idea of depth of field of a (camera) lens, and to locate the near and far points.
L6-12 MAGNIFYING LENS IN WATER
Shows that focal properties of a lens depend on the medium in which the lens is located
L6-13: OPTICAL BOARD - PARALLEL RAY FOCUS
Demonstrate focusing of parallel rays in a counterintuitive way.
L6-14: IMAGE OF CONVEX LENS - WITH AND WITHOUT BAFFLE
Encourage thought regarding how an image is formed.
L6-21: OPTICAL BOARD - DIVERGING SPHERICAL LENS
Determine the focal point of a concave lens.
L6-22: OPTICAL BOARD - RAY DIAGRAM - VIRTUAL IMAGE NEG LENS
Use the three principal rays to locate the virtual image of a diverging lens.
L6-31: STRING MODEL - SPHERICAL ABERRATION
Illustrate light rays for spherical aberration.
L6-32: OPTICAL BOARD - SPHERICAL ABERRATION IN LENS
Demonstrate spherical aberration using rays.
L6-33: STRING MODEL - CHROMATIC ABERRATION
Ilustrate rays for chromatic aberration.
L6-34: OPTICAL BOARD - CHROMATIC ABERRATION IN LENS
Show chromatic aberration in a convex lens.
L6-35: CHROMATIC ABERRATION - POINT SOURCE AND 20 CM LENS
Show the effect of chromatic aberration in a lens.
L6-36: STRING MODEL - ASTIGMATISM
Illustrate rays for on-axis astigmatism.
L6-37: ASTIGMATISM
Demonstrate off-axis astigmatism with a spherical lens.
L6-38: COMA
Illustrate coma.
L6-39: DISTORTION - PINCUSHION AND BARREL WITH 2 IRISES
Show pincushion and barrel distortion.
L6-40: DISTORTION - PINCUSHION AND BARREL
Fast and simple way to show pincushion and barrel distortion.
L6-41: DISTORTED IMAGE - PINCUSHION AND BARREL
Slightly more complicated but better way to show pincushion and barrel distortion.
L6-42: DISTORTION AND CORRECTION
Illustrate pincushion and barrel distortion and correction thereof.
L6-43: DISTORTED PERSPECTIVE
Distortion by a simple lens.
L6-51: OPTICAL BOARD - FRESNEL LENS
Demonstrate construction of a Fresnel lens.
L6-52: FRESNEL LENSES - MISCELLANEOUS
Allow individual experience with plastic Fresnel lenses.
L6-53: FRESNEL LENS MAGNIFIER
Demonstrate magnification by a thin plastic Fresnel lens.
L6-54: OPTICALLY PROGRAMMED TRAFFIC SIGNAL - MODEL
Illustrate the optics of an optically programmed traffic signal.
L6-55: FRESNEL FLASHLIGHT
Show an application of the Fresnel lens.
L6-56: FRESNEL SPOTLIGHT
Illustrate how Fresnel lenses are used in theatre spotlights.
L6-71: OPTICAL DISC
Demonstrate a number of ray optics phenomena.
L6-91: ANAMORPHIC LENS
Show application of anamorphic lenses to wide-screen movies.

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